Volume 1

Arts, manufactures, professions and trades : designed as a comprehensive supplement to the pharmacopoeia and general book of reference for the manufacturer, tradesman, amateur, and heads of families.

  • Cooley, Arnold James.
Date:
1880
Catalogue details

Licence: Public Domain Mark

Credit: Arts, manufactures, professions and trades : designed as a comprehensive supplement to the pharmacopoeia and general book of reference for the manufacturer, tradesman, amateur, and heads of families. Source: Wellcome Collection.

Provider: This material has been provided by Royal College of Physicians, London. The original may be consulted at Royal College of Physicians, London.

    864/916 (page 848)
    HORSE BALLS-HUMULIN reins, wbicli always lie thrown over the dash- hoards, ready to he seized at ouce. When the horse starts, and becomes unruly, the gentle- man takes up this cord, and tightens the horse's throat, so that he cannot take breath. The most furious horse stops instantly, and will not fall or kick. See Bedding, Bean Mash, Broken Knees, Beozen Wind, Clipping, Cankee, Cataeeh, Choking, Choeea, Choiic, Constipation, Coens, Cbib-mting, Curb. HORSE BALLS. See Veteeinaey Medi- cine. HORSES, Condition Powder for. The prin- cipal ingredients were: Fenugreek, liquorice root, resin, brimstone, common salt, nitrate of potash, and a green powder, probably senna. It contained traces of calcium and magnesium carbonates; alumina, silica, and iron. HORSE POWER. This term was first em- ployed by James Watt to express a power capable of raising 33,000 lbs. one foot high per minute. The effective pressure on the surface of the piston was estimated at 7 lbs. to the square inch, and hence the area of the piston, in square inches, multiplied by 7, gave the gross efifective moving pressure, and the space assed over by this piston in a minute gave the istance through which the pressure was ex- erted, or the weight was raised. From these data the horse power was easily calculated. In process of time improvements in the forma- tion of boilers and steam engines increased the effective pressure on the piston, and, conse- quently, the power of the engine. In modern engines the actual power is commonly from 2 to 4i times greater than the nominal power, which is, however, still retained as the unit of power in commercial calculations. HORSERADISH. Si/n Aemoeacia eadix. (B. P.) The fresh root of Cochlearia Anno- racia (B. P.). Horseradish is pungent, acrid, stimulant, and rubefacient. It is also regarded as diaphoretic, diuretic, and antiscorbutic. It forms a useful masticatory in hoarseness, sore throat, and toothache. As a condiment, it provokes the appetite and assists digestion. Reduced to shreds (scraped horseradish), it forms a common and excellent accompaniment to roast beef. The root of aconite or wolfsbane, rfhich somewhat resembles it in appearance, has occasionally been mistaken for it, with fatal results; the two are, however, readily distinguished from each other, as the taste of horseradish is warm and pungent, approach- ing that of mustard, whilst aconite is bitter, and its odour is earthy and disagreeable, and after a few minutes' contact with the lips, tongue, and fauces, produces a sensation of numbness, and tingling. See AcoNiTUM Na- PELLtrsj under which article will be found engravings of the two roots. The root may be kept fresh for some time if buried in sand in a cool place, Ilorieradish powder is pre- pared from the roots gathured in November or December, and dried by a gentle heat or ex- posure to a current of dry air. It is used as a condiment. HOR'TICULTURE. Syn. Gabdening. The art of cultivating gardens. According to Loudon, horticulture differs from agriculture, chiefly in the comparatively limited space over which it extends, and in being conducted by manual labour ; whilst the latter is performed jointly by human and animal labour, in fields, or on an extensive tract of land called a farm. HOR'TUS-SICCUS. See Heebaeium. HOS'PITAL GAN'GRENE. Si/n. Phage- DiENA GANGRENOSA. L. A species of ulcer- ating mortification, particularly characterised by its infectious nature, and its tendency to attack wounds and ulcers in crowded hospitals, so that often the most trifling operation can- not be performed with safety. Under its influence the parts are rapidly destroyed, not by the formation of ordinary sloughs, as in common mortification, but by their conversion into an ash-coloured viscid substance inter- spersed with bloody specks. The treatment is similar to that noticed under Moetipica- TION, but here, above all things, thorough ven- tilation must be established, and persevered in, and, when possible, change of situation sought. HUILE. [Fr.] Oil; a term applied to va- rious substances and preparations on account of their smoothness, consistence, or real or imaginary emollient or oleaginous nature. See LiQUEUE, Oil, &c. Huile Acoustique. Frep. From garlic and bay leaves, of each, | oz.; olive oil, i lb.; boiled together for 15 minutes, and strained. Used in ear-ache and deafuess. A little is dropped on cottonwool and placed in the ear. Huile, Antique. See Oils (Hair). Huile Liqueureuse. Frep, 1. (De la Rose.) From eau de rose, 1 part; simple syrup, 2 parts; mixed together. 2. (Des FLEtTES d'oranges.) From orange- flower water and syrup, as No. 1. 3. (De vanille.) From essence of vanilla, 1 dr.; simple syrup, 1 pint. Obs. The above are kept in small decanters, and used to flavour water, grog, liqueurs, &c., instead of sugar or capillaire; also to per- • fume the breath. Other flavoured syrups, for the same purposes, are prepared in a similar ■ manner. HU'MIC ACID. Si/n. Ulmic acid. See ■ Humus. HUMULIN. The name given to a beau-• tif ul extract or essence of hops, made as fol- - lows :— A concentrated tincture of hops is prepared i by percolation with rectified spirit; the same i hops are then exhausted with water; the spirit r is removed from the tincture by careful distil- lation, and the upper aqueous portion is skim- ■ med off, and added to the infusion, which latter - is then evaporated to the consistence of a soft extract; the oleo-resinous residuum of the; tincture is next added, and well mixed in; 5