Volume 1

On the anatomy, physiology, and pathology of the chimpanzee / by Charles F. Sonntag.

  • Sonntag, Charles F. (Charles Frederick), -1925.
Date:
1923
Catalogue details

Licence: In copyright

Credit: On the anatomy, physiology, and pathology of the chimpanzee / by Charles F. Sonntag. Source: Wellcome Collection.

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    B. Glands in the Pectoral Extremity'.—1. Two small glands on the axillary surface of the teres major receiving vessels along the axillary vessels ; 2. A row of glands, both large and small, along the course of the long thoracic artery. It is divisible into an upper group draining the glands on the teres major, and a lower group draining the side and back of the thoracic parietes; 3. No delto-pectoral nor cubital glands were found. C. Thoracic Glands:—1. Several glands in the pulmonary roots ; 2. Three small glands among the cardiac plexuses; 3. No retro-sternal nor vertebral glands were found. D. Abdominal Glands:—1. Several small glands along the lesser gastric curvature ; 2. Several small and large glands on the greater gastric curvature; 3. Numerous glands between the layers of the mesentery ; 4. A chain of glands along the common iliac vessels. E. Glands in the Pelvic Extremity :—1. A group of glands close to the mid point of Poupart’s ligament. It is, therefore, evident that the groups of lymphatic glands are fewer than in Man. Respiratory Organs,, The external nose is small, hat, and has no lateral cartilages. It is surrounded by a groove in the upper lip. Its muscles and nerves have already been described (see p. 328). The vestibule is well marked, and has numerous vibrissse. The mucosa lining the nose has the orifices of numerous glands, and the upper fourths of the septum and lateral wall have striations produced by the olfactory nerves. The septum is as in Man, but I could not detect any pit corresponding to Jacobson’s organ. The inferior turbinate bone (PI. II. A, i.t.b) is long and almost horizontal; it is prolonged backwards by a fold of mucous membrane. The inferior meatus receives the naso-lachrymal duct (N.L.D) in its middle part. The middle turbinate bone (M.T.B) is bifid posteriorly, and is shorter than the lower one. On elevating it, a movable mucosa-covered bony crest is revealed, and between them lies the opening of the frontal sinus (F.S) in the middle meatus. But there is no actual bulla similar to that in Man. Above the middle turbinate bone there are three turbinal crests with four grooves. The longest is the superior turbinate bone (S.T.B). The sphenoidal sinus (S.S) is large and opens into the upper turbinal region. It is undivided and excavates the alisplienoids. The frontal sinus is narrow. The antrum of Highmore (PI. II. B) is large, strengthened by buttresses, and has elevations produced by the roots of the canine, premolar and molar teeth. The turbinal region has been mentioned by Zuckerkandl (55), Keith (64), and Paulli (63). It has several air cells in its walls. [75]